Gandhian Constructive Programme, Local Self-Governance & Higher Education

During his visit to Sri Lanka, Mahatma Gandhi raised ₹1 lakh for Khadi work and presented three action plans: communal harmony, religious unity, and the eradication of untouchability.

It is essential to transform local bodies into a people's movement for marginalized communities and for higher education institutions, guided by Gandhian philosophy, to improve society with a sense of 'My Society - My Responsibility'.

📚 School Textbook Link: 12th Standard / 11th Standard · History / Political Science · 12th History: Unit 4 (Gandhi's Emergence as a National Leader) / 11th Pol Sci: Unit 12 (Local Government) · Gandhian Constructive Programme, Wardha Scheme of Education & Gram Swaraj

🎯 TNPSC Exam Important Notes:

• Gandhi's triple constructive work: communal harmony, religious unity, and the eradication of untouchability (Khadi and village self-reliance movement).
• Wardha Scheme of Basic Education (1937): 'Nai Talim' (Basic Education) system proposed by Mahatma Gandhi.
• All India Spinners' Association: Started by Mahatma Gandhi in 1925 to promote Swadeshi and rural self-reliance.
• Constitutional Article 40: A directive principle guiding the government to establish village panchayats based on Gandhian principles.
• V-Dem Institute: A global democracy research institute operating in Sweden (Varieties of Democracy).

📌 KEY FOR TNPSC:

• Mahatma Gandhi established the 'Harijan Sevak Sangh' in 1932 for the eradication of untouchability.
• 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts (1992) granted constitutional recognition to local bodies in India.