Petroleum Products
PART-A Unit-I: General Science
Previous Year Questions (PYQ) for this topic
Every TNPSC question asked from this topic, compiled as a PDF. · PDF 1.8 MB
Fuels and Applied Chemistry - PYQ Points
1. Fuels & Coal
- Fossil Fuels: Petroleum, natural gas, and coal are the best examples.
- Types of Coal: Anthracite is the highest grade coal. It is also called 'hard coal'.
- Petroleum: Due to its high commercial importance, it is called "Black Gold".
- LPG: A chemical called Ethyl Mercaptan is added to domestic cooking gas cylinders to detect leakage.
- Recommendation: The D.V. Kapur Committee was formed for the development of petrochemical industries.
2. Fuel Rating and Additives
| Substance | Rating / Property |
|---|---|
| Diesel | Ignition quality is indicated by the Cetane number. |
| Gasoline (Petrol) | High-quality gasoline has an Octane number between 91 and 94. |
| Amino Alkyl Phosphates | Act as anti-corrosion agents in petroleum products. |
| Ethyl Mercaptan | Added to LPG to provide a distinct foul smell. |
3. Everyday Chemistry and Medicine
- Naphthalene: Obtained from coal tar; used to repel moths.
- Magnesium Hydroxide: Used as a medicine to treat stomach acidity (antacid).
- Bismuth: Used as a medicine for treating diarrhea.
- Carbon Dioxide: The
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