Climate change and Green energy initiatives
PART-A Unit-II: Geography of India
Previous Year Questions (PYQ) for this topic
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Climate Change & Green Energy Initiatives — Comprehensive Question-Based Revision Notes
1. Climate Change Science, Global Warming & Greenhouse Effect
- Primary Greenhouse Gases (GHGs): Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), Water Vapour, Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6).
- Mechanism of Global Warming: Incoming short-wave solar radiation passes through the atmosphere, while outgoing long-wave terrestrial infrared radiation is absorbed and re-emitted by greenhouse gases, thereby warming the lower atmosphere.
- Impact on Arid Soils & Desertification: Rising temperatures, increased evaporation, prolonged droughts and heatwaves can accelerate soil moisture loss, organic matter depletion and land degradation in arid and semi-arid regions, contributing to desertification.
- Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR): The rate at which the actual temperature of the atmosphere decreases with
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