Mahatma Gandhi

PART-A Unit-III: History, Culture of India, and Indian National Movement

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TNPSC History – Mahatma Gandhi (PYQ Points)

1️⃣ South Africa & Early Life

  • Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi returned the first fee of Rs. 30 he earned as a lawyer in the Bombay Court to his client.
  • Gandhi began his legal practice in South Africa with the help of a trading firm owned by Dada Abdulla.
  • Gandhi was thrown out of a train at Pietermaritzburg railway station in South Africa.
  • Gandhi first experienced racial discrimination at Pietermaritzburg railway station.
  • Henry David Thoreau’s writings inspired Gandhi’s Civil Disobedience Movement in South Africa.
  • Gandhi fought against unjust laws in Transvaal.
  • Influenced by John Ruskin, Gandhi established the Phoenix Settlement.

2️⃣ Satyagraha – Philosophy

  • Gandhi introduced a new method of resisting injustice without violence – Satyagraha.
  • The term “Satyagraha” is derived from two words meaning Truth and Firmness/Fasting.
  • Gandhi explained that the foundation of Satyagraha is Ahimsa (non-violence).
"If a man is non-violent, he does not become angry with those who injure him. He does not wish harm to them. He desires their well-being."
  • Satyagraha means showing love towards all.
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