Marathas
PART-A Unit-III: History, Culture of India, and Indian National Movement
Previous Year Questions (PYQ) for this topic
Every TNPSC question asked from this topic, compiled as a PDF. · PDF 4.6 MB
The Maratha Empire – PYQ Points
• Chhatrapati Shivaji: Father of guerrilla warfare in India.
• Coronation: Crowned as ‘Chhatrapati’ in 1674 at Raigad Fort.
• Important Term: ‘Maval’ means the region where the sun sets.
• Coronation: Crowned as ‘Chhatrapati’ in 1674 at Raigad Fort.
• Important Term: ‘Maval’ means the region where the sun sets.
1. Shivaji’s Administration – Ashtapradhan (Council of Eight)
| Position | Responsibility / Description |
|---|---|
| Peshwa / Mukhya Pradhan | Prime Minister |
| Amatya / Majumdar | Finance Minister (Accounts Officer of the State) |
| Sumant / Dabir | Foreign Affairs Minister |
| Surunavis / Sachiv | State Secretary |
| Nyayadhish | Chief Justice |
| Pandit Rao | Chief Priest (Religious Head) |
2. Revenue and Taxation
- Chauth: Collected 25% (one-fourth) of total land revenue as protection money against foreign invasion.
- Sardeshmukhi: An additional one-tenth (1/10) of land revenue collected as the hereditary right of the Maratha ruler.
- Village Officials: Protection of the village was the responsibility of the Patil. Deshmukh and Patils were important village officials.
- Court: The Panchayat was called ‘Panch Parmeshwar’, and its members were called ‘Ma-Baap’.
3. Wars and
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